Usually schools request a teaching portfolio, which is primarily student work (but can also include syllabi or just project descriptions, if the work needs a little context), and also specifically request a certain number of proposed syllabi and a teaching statement which outlines any specific theory or approach to teaching you may have. So my first guess would be that "folio of teaching" = "teaching portfolio", but if they don't specifically request a teaching statement and syllabi, that "teaching folio" might include that whole package.

for me it was;
a cv
three letters of recommendation
transcripts
1/2 page application

huh, I guess that's one of those places where there's a difference between design disciplines that I didn't expect. Arch schools don't care about your students' work?

I was thinking it was a combo of samples of students' work and course outlines/sylibi.

Since I don't have any 'students', I'm just going to send in the bits that I got.

in my last application, they didn't specify, so i included a selection of images of student work with my cv, and some sample studio projects I had run.

Basically, they want to know your pedagogy. Syllabi, project briefs and examples of student work. I like to show student work immediately after the project brief, so hiring committees can easily relate the work to the project and see learning objectives and outcomes.