No, they don't share application materials.
No, your chances don't diminish if you apply again. But some schools have policies limiting consideration of the same applicant - sometimes 3 or 4 years is all they'll allow.
Early 30s is not significantly "older" for any of the schools you've mentioned, all of which have first-year M.Arch classes with an average age of around 27 to 29, with usually at least 1/4 of the class being in their 30s or beyond.

Even with an older person with a good deal of professional experience M.Arch programs seem to prefer portfolios with a good amount of creative/conceptual work. While you'd want to include built work if you have that to include, it would probably depend on the type of work as to whether you could put together an appropriate portfolio of just built work, or whether you'd want to supplement heavily with more conceptual and/or theoretical projects (from school, competitions, etc.)
In either case, it's usually a good idea to include a good amount of hand drawings, and possibly other art work - unrelated to architecture is fine.